Understanding Altruistic Gestational Surrogacy: A Comprehensive Overview

Author : Shivani Gour | Published On : 16 Apr 2024

Altruistic gestational surrogacy, a noble act where a woman carries a child for another individual or couple without financial compensation, is gaining traction worldwide. In India, this practice holds particular significance due to its cultural, legal, and ethical dimensions.

What is Altruistic Gestational Surrogacy? Altruistic gestational surrogacy involves a woman, known as the surrogate mother, carrying a child conceived through in vitro fertilization (IVF) using the intended parents' gametes. Unlike commercial surrogacy, where financial transactions occur, altruistic surrogacy is characterized by the absence of monetary gain for the surrogate. Instead, it is driven by compassion, empathy, and a desire to help others fulfill their dream of parenthood.

The Ethical and Legal Landscape in India: India has been a prominent destination for surrogacy due to its relatively lower costs and advanced medical facilities. However, commercial surrogacy was banned in India in 2018 to prevent exploitation of surrogate mothers and commodification of children. While altruistic surrogacy remains legal, it is subject to stringent regulations to safeguard the interests of all parties involved.

The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) guidelines stipulate that altruistic surrogacy can only be undertaken by close relatives of the intended parents, such as sisters or close friends, and prohibits any form of financial compensation for the surrogate. These regulations aim to prevent the exploitation of vulnerable women while upholding the altruistic nature of surrogacy.

The Cultural Perspective: In India, the concept of family and community plays a pivotal role in shaping societal norms and values. Altruism is deeply ingrained in Indian culture, where the act of selflessly helping others is often celebrated and revered. Altruistic surrogacy, therefore, aligns with these cultural values, as it involves one woman extending her support to another in the journey towards parenthood.

Furthermore, the concept of "karuna" or compassion holds significant importance in Indian philosophy and spirituality. Altruistic surrogacy can be viewed as an embodiment of this principle, where the surrogate mother's act of carrying a child for another is driven by compassion and a sense of duty towards humanity.

Challenges and Considerations: Despite the noble intentions behind altruistic surrogacy, it is not without its challenges. The emotional and physical toll on the surrogate mother, the complexities of the legal framework, and the potential for interpersonal conflicts within familial relationships are factors that require careful consideration.

Moreover, the lack of comprehensive legislation specifically addressing altruistic surrogacy in India poses challenges in terms of regulation and oversight. There is a need for clear guidelines that ensure the protection of all parties involved while facilitating the altruistic act of surrogacy.

Conclusion: Altruistic gestational surrogacy represents a remarkable example of human compassion and solidarity, particularly in the context of India's cultural and ethical landscape. While it offers hope and the possibility of parenthood to many, it also necessitates thoughtful regulation and ethical considerations to safeguard the well-being of surrogate mothers and ensure the integrity of the process. As India continues to navigate the complexities of surrogacy, the principles of altruism and compassion remain at the forefront, guiding the way towards a more equitable and ethical approach to assisted reproduction.