Medical History and Physical Examination: One of the initial steps in diagnosing male infertility involves gathering a detailed medical history and conducting a thorough physical examination.

Semen Analysis: A critical component of male infertility diagnosis is the semen analysis. This test evaluates various parameters of sperm health, including sperm count, motility (movement), morphology (shape), and volume.

Hormone Testing: Hormone testing is often conducted to assess the levels of certain hormones involved in sperm production and reproductive function.

Genetic Testing: Genetic testing may be recommended in cases where there is suspicion of a genetic disorder or abnormality that could affect fertility.

Imaging Studies: Imaging techniques, such as ultrasound, may be utilized to visualize the reproductive organs and detect structural abnormalities or conditions that may affect fertility.

Specialized Tests: These tests may include post-ejaculation urinalysis to check for retrograde ejaculation, sperm function tests to assess sperm's ability to penetrate and fertilize an egg, or testicular biopsy to evaluate sperm production and quality in cases of severe infertility.

Consultation with Fertility Specialists: Consultation with a urologist or reproductive endocrinologist specializing in male infertility is essential for comprehensive evaluation and personalized treatment planning.